Head and Neck Exam: Case Study 2

Hey guys,

This is in relation to the 2nd case study from the practice head and neck exam, the one where the patient coughs up the stone bur, and ingests it again as he swallows. It asks to describe what as happened and what you can expect to happen in the future.

For the first part I said when he first swallowed it the gag reflex prevented the bur from entering the body. The second time I said the reflex didn't react and he swallowed the bur, causing it to enter his digestive system (as the epiglottis closed entry to the larynx).

But what can we expect to happen in the future???

Hope the study is going well :D

Head and Neck Questions!!

I've been doing some final revision questions from the Head and Neck text and need some confirmation on some questions =) (<--- is the one i chose)

Which of the following arteries arises from the inferior alveolar artery before the artery enters the mandibular canal?
A. Mylohyoid <---
B. Incisive
C. Mental
D. PSA
E. Submental

Which of the following vascular lesions may result when a clot on the inner blood vessel wall becomes dislodged and travels in the vessel?

A. Hematoma <---
B. Venous sinus
C. Embolus
D. Hemorrhage

Which of the following is the larger terminal branch of the external carotid artery?

A. Superficial temporal artery
B. Ascending palatine artery
C. Facial artery
D. Maxillary artery <---
E. Lingual artery

Which of the following is contained in the carotid sheath?

A. Facial nerve
B. Internal jugular vein
C. Aorta
D. Superficial lymph nodes

Which of the following cranial nerves has fibres that cross to the opposite side in the skull before continuing into the brain?

A. Facial
B. Optic
C. Trochlear
D. Vestibulocochlear

Which of the following nerves exits the foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone?

A. Chorda tympani of the facial nerve
B. Greater petrosal nerve of the facial nerve
C. Opthalmic nerve of the trigeminal nerve
D. Motor root of the trigeminal nerve <---

Also, just found this out then, the mylohyoid nerve may serve as an afferent nerve for the mandibular first molar, which needs to be considered when there is failure of the inferior alveolar LA block =)

Any help answering these questions would be great!!

Thanks

?Radiographic anatomy questions??

May be a stupid question but we did 2 lectures in semester 2 on radiographic anatomy, will this be in it too?

Practice exam questions.

Ok Thu-huu and i have been studying together again and we have a few questions from the practice head and neck exam that we would like some help with.
ok so with multiple choice

Q4,what artery supplies the oropharynx region (where swollen tonsils are evident) we thorught it is either A) the superior thyroid artery or B) the Ascneding Palatine artery,

Q5 which of the nerves ,may show crossover from the opposite side in a patient we thought b) the ASA but just want to double check.

Q7, Which of the following muscle pairs and nerves are correctly matched. we thort D) auriclotemporal nerve and temporalis?? not sure tho

True/false
Q3, the portion of the pharynx between the soft palate and the opening of the larynx is the nasopharynx. we put false is this right?

Q10, the posterior third of the tongue called hte pharyngeal portion attaches to the floor of the mouth (we had true but we REALLY weren't sure on this) had much discussion about the answer

and short answer
Q9 which specific nerves are relating the pain from the sore jaw muscles?
we said muscular branch of V3 but we weren't sure if it was also the facial nerve as this supllies muscles of facial expression. ?? Any help on this would be good

ALSO embryology
What rae some dental developmental disturbances that can happen during bell stage of development (such as the microdontia etcthat happen during cap stage) ??

Thanks guys so much
Any help would be great we were getting confused. :D

Embryology again. :D

Hey again
1) can some one explain tome how the mesoderm is formed. coz i get that it is formed from the ectoderm but just a bit confused

2)nd jsut looking at one of the review shets we were given for embryolgy Human Bio 1OH review of session 1- there i a table for Q 2 that i am not sure how to fill out.
He has about the stages of prenatal development, the weeks of gestation for each and then has a column for embryonic form and orofacial development and im not really 100% sure what it means by embryonic form? i think with the oro-facial development we would just put what is occuring during that time. ? is this what others think or am i ocmpletely off track.

Thanks. :D

Embryology

Hi All.
just a quick question.
Differentiate between the causes of cleft lip and cleft palate. ?
I was thinking this was that cleft lip is when fusion doesn't occur between the medial nasal process and maxiallry process in the lip area. and that cleft palate is when fusion doesn't occur correctly with the 2 palatal shelves or the palatal shelve(maxilla) and the anterior hard palate but im just not sure if this is correct or if i have made this up in my head. :D

Any Clarification would be great. THANKS
enjoy the heat. :D

Microbiology

Hey guys,

I thought I'd post some Microbiology questions from previous exams up for us to answer together, that way we can all learn from each others knowledge =)
for the multiple choice you can select one or more answers

1. These are eukaryotes
a) bacteria
b) yeasts
c) prions
d) protozoa
e) viruses

2. Prokaryotes usually possess
a) a cell wall
b) golgi apparatus
c) a nucleus
d) ribosomes
e) mitochondria

3. All bacterial cell walls
a) contain peptidoglycan
b) contain cellulose
c) have a double membrane structure
d) are internal to the cytoplasmic membrane
e) provide protection against osmotic stress

4. Biofilms
a) provide protection to microbes from attack by antibiotics/chemicals
b) contain only one type of microbe
c) are found rarely in nature
d) may develop on plastic catheters/prostheses
e) are covered in a layer of polysaccharide/slime

5. Provide simple definitions for the following terms:
a) infection
b) pathogen
c) virulence
d) parasite

6. How may bacteria be beneficial to life on earth?
7. In health, large numbers of microbes inhabit our bodies. Are they important in maintaining health? If so, how? When might they be harmful?
8. To be successful pathogens bacteria have to be able to evade or nullify the human immune system. Give examples of mechanisms for this property.

Head and Neck Anatomy

1. What is the link between chorda tympani and clincial dental practice?

2. The relationship of the Maxiallay sinus to teeth
- location of the sinus found within the maxilla
- which teeth are most likely to be anatomically assocaited with this sinus
- the clinical significance of the Maxillary sinus and its relevance to oral health.

Ive had a go at these questions but im not sure if they are right. These were some questions from the work books handed out after each lecture. if you can help me answer these, i would appreciate it A LOTT :) thanks guys

goodluck with study!!!

Embrology

Hey just a quick question. In the 3rd lect notes of embryology it talks about bone formation and it says something about post cranial skeleton. just wondering what exactly is the post cranial skeleton?
Thanks guys. :D

Embryology

Hey guys i just have a question in relation to embryology..

on pg44 of our embryology text it says that the maxillary process and mid-face formation is during the fourth week of prenatal development (within the embryonic period) but in our lecture notes from wk 11 development of the face and neck; it says during the 5th week? (its on the slide titled 4th-5th week: maxillary processes & mid-face formation)

I think its the 4th week but i just wanted to see what you guys think!
Your help would be greatly appreciated!
X

human Bio... EEEEppppp

Hi all,
just some quick questions... have been studying head and neck stuff and thort i was doing ok unitl i read some of the previous exam questions and realised i couldn't answer any of them :(.
Any way..

1)when it is talking about nerve supply can someone tell me what it means by the type of innervation? coz i thort this meant whether it was afferent or efferent However.. i dont kow what efferent or afferent means in relation to nerve supply.?? any help would be good.

2)what does proprioception mean? i think i know but i just want to double check and i cant find a definition anywhere.?

3) with enous drainage of head and neck- what is the clinical significance of the cavernous sinus and the pterygoid plexus - coz i had basically that the pterygoid plexus means that infections can spread anywhere into the head and neck as there is no valves and no direction etc.
and the clinical significance of the cavernous sinus is that dental infections can spread to the brain through here?????

4) With microbiology- do we need to know about the history of microbiology or was that just put into the notes for "fun" lol.
5) also with micro- what is the germ theory? or does this just help explain kochs postulates.??

Ok thats all for now guys.. but im sure there will be more soon.

Happy Studies.. thanks for the help :D

LAST BIO EXAM FOR THE YEAR

Hi everyone,

Okay, with HB exam I know it is on head and neck but will there be questions on the blood supply in the head and neck and the nerve supply in the head and neck and possibly lymph drainage?? What is it about the head and neck specifically we need to know!!

xoxo b.

Junctional Epithelium Attachment :]

Hey guys, could someone please tell me how the junctional epithelium is attached to both the tooth surface and the lamina propria?

thanks!

Epithelial-Connective Tissue Interface

This is the boundary where the two tissues (ET + CT) meet or "mingle".
The epithelial ridges (retae ridges) reach down into the CT and CT papillae (extensions of CT) extend up to the epithilium.
Well i was just wondering if this clinically appears as stippling?
Thanks

<3 Thu huu and nicole. :D

hey guys ok thu huu adn i had a lil study session today and we have a few questions that we were both unsure of and we just wanted to see what other people have said for these.. OK

- are the bones in the skull flat or irregular.. or neither.. ?

- Q9 of the oral histology workbook (draw a tabl of the structural variations of the oral mucosa) is this asking aboutt hemastictatory/lining/specialised mucosa... somethingsimilar to the table on Page 135 of bath balogh coz w weren't sure.

-Q10 of the Oral Hist. workbook... what is everyone drawing for this... I just draw the gingia against the tooth and labelled the JE the sulcular epith. The Oral epith the attached ging.free ging etc.... Is this what it is meant to be or have i interpreted it differently. ??

-What muscles would experience pain in associatin with overuse of the TMJ... We both had different answers and couldn't really jutify any of them :P

-Pre dentine.. is this the same as manytle dentine and circumpulpal dentine?? What is a definition for pre dentine and where is it coz we started confusing ourselves.

-Why is the tongue considered a specialised mucosa?? we had just described the appearance of the tongue and where it is specialised( taste buds) etc but didn't really think this answered the question???

- The periodontla ligament blood supply... Does this have anything to do with the PDL being continuous with the CT of the Gingiva?? but confused..

-Q7(PDL nad alveolar bone) trace the blood supply through the alveolar bone.. we both just had big ?.... where can we find info on this.. what should it be???

Thanks heaps guys
Hope its all good.
C yas Monday . :D

lingual papillae the same as caruncle?

study study study

Hey guys... i just have a few clarification questions that im a bit confused with.
OK
I have been working through the revision workbook and with Q4. it is asking about enamel rods and interrods. I think i understand the structure etc but is someone able to give me a general overview of this structure etc just to help me understand.

With aprismatic enamel i know it is in deciduous teeth and in the mostinner and most outer layer of permanent teeth. but is that in all permanent teth or is is just those that are forming early?? I think it is in all but not sure.

Age changes that occur in pulp. I just said it becomes smaller with age(more dentine etc) and also that there is a decrese in the number of cells which affects ability to do stuff properly(lol im too lazy to type the explainations :D ) but are there any others that i have missed.

Thanks guys. Happy Revision. :D

A Few Questions

Here's just a few questions I've come across which I'm finding difficult to answer, any input would be much appreciated!

How is prismless enamel formed?
Why does the number of melanocytes vary between regions of the oral mucosa?
Describe the duct structure of the minor salivary glands.
Explain the process of keratinisation.
Identify the components and function of the crevicular fluid?

Thanks,
Keep up the study

Question

Does anyone know what a pseudopod is? and its function?
Sorry the question was mean't to say what is a pseudopocket not pod? & function?

General Question

do we need to know everything that is in the power points
ie. oral epithelium cell layers
- stratum basale
- stratum spinosum
- stratum granulosum
- stratum corneum

thanks

General questions:

Hi guys,

Can anyone help answer these for me??

-Will we have to know what a fibroblast looks like?
-What is the sublingual caruncle?
-What is malassez?
-What is the crestal contour?
-When it says to generate alveolar bone does this mean that both compact and cancellous bone produce it?
-Do we need to know about the smear layer?
-What foramens do we need to know?
-Do we need to know all the collagen, gingival fibres?
-What does it mean when it says a periodontal ligament continues with connective tissue of the gingiva??

Sorry there are so many questions!! Hope you can understand them!
Thanks,
Beth

Facial/Masticatory Muscle Question

Hey guys,

"Section B" of exam "Osteo-Myology of the Head & Neck" trial exam, question 2 seems to have got me confused. As far as i know, there are only 4 masticatory muscles, and 8 facial expression.

Which 2 other muscles are INVOLVED in the masticatory process?

(Fairly sure, in question one, i've already used all 4 masticatory muscles, so i cannot use them again)

-I'm thinking obicularis oris? keeps the lips pursed so that food does not fall out..

-Buccinator? - Helps pull the mouth laterally..

Thanks.

Oral Histology Revision

Hi All
Can anyone answer Julie's questions:
How is stippling caused?
2. What radiographic indications could you give evidence of a healthy attachment apparatus?
3. And how is the Periodontal ligament adaptive?
Place your comments here.
Thanks Sophie

why is it important to maintain epithelial polarity?

What would happen if you placed a red blood cell in distilled water?

Consider this question: Muscles are responsible for what % of the body's heat production?

Consider this question:What role do calcium ions and ATP play in muscle contraction

Ok guys.. give the above question a go!!

receptor meditated endocytosis

hey just a question for anyone who knows the answer :D because i am unsure myself

Q. Receptor meditated endocytosis & exocytosis - does this apply for all types of endo and exo processes or just TRANSCYTOSIS (the transport of a substance across a cell)

thank you
vivian

Tuesdays test..

hey, so i just have a fw clarification questions regarding the revision questions we were given. with Question 7 " describe the criteria used to classify covering and lining epithelia" im not really sure what this is asking about, is it just referring to the types of epithelial cells such as the squamous, cuboidal , stratified etc or is it asking someting else.

Question 9. " what cells are found in ET and what is the function of each? apply this to the oral cavity" i was just wodnering whta owuldbe expected fromthis question, so i would discuss something like there are the squamous, cuboidal, columnar which ach have a funcion of protection, secretion and absorption respectively.. but im once again not sure if that is what is wanted

And also.. I know how bone gets its blood supply, through the cannaliculi etc but im not sure.. does that mean bone is classed as vascular??

OK i think that is all for now.. Im sure i wil have more later. :P
thanks for any help..
Also if ne one wants to do some study tomorrow morning before the lectures let me know coz i will be going in early n would love some company. :D
happy studying.

Questions about Test

Hi Sophie,

I just have a few questions re: info that we need to know for the test.

1. What is the difference between pseudostratified columnar and simple columnar?
Is it just that pseudostratified columnar have cells of different heights or is there more to it?

2. Does repolarisation need ATP as well as K+ for gated channels?

3. Does all connective tissue have some sort of blood supply even if it is small? Does catilage have a blood supply?

4. Do we need to know about fibroblasts, osteoblasts, chondroblasts and heatopoietic stem cells that make up different CT or do we just need to know they exist?

Hope your having a good weekend!!
Thanks,

Beth

bohonee

nice name for a blog lol. Hey i finally figured out where this thing was in my email. I originally thought it was another one of those invite things that i seem to get from random blog sites.

ok so im ash. i tend to talk alot so most of you already know alot about me but for those i have talked the ears off i like heavy metal and my fav band is "the bled" which is a hardcore classed band which noone in the class has probably heard of. I live with my bf in plympton, my favourite colour is orange and i love to do art. Im incredibly fast at arty things...which brings up the issue of the wax carvings. Mia, Emma, Nathan and I spent some time in the lab on friday after our last lecture and Mia and I are almost finished already....not sure if thats bad or good, but it was alot of fun and more people should have come along.

Also; Beth has started holding group study sessions, the first was in the coffee dealy to do that assignment that we were given instead of our tute class.

well i gtg i have a 21st in an hour and im sitting here with no makeup bad hair and in trackies. see you guys monday!

p.s. sorry this message is so long! told you i talk alot!!!!

HELLO! believe it or not... it took me 20 whole minutes to figure out how to post a comment =D

names Thomas, sorta hungry right now and i believe that being fourth person to post means... i get no medal?

I get the bronze medal

Well I have come in third place posting on the Blog, so I get the bronze medal.
I have just got back from a long weekend in Sydney with my Mum and 3 sisters. We had a great time - but what happens in Sydney, stays in Sydney, so I can't tell you anything more.
I have been teaching in the BOH since it began in 2002 and every year it gets bigger and better. Am jealous to hear that all you guys got free electric toothbrushes and external hard drives. What about the poor lecturers???
Sophie tells me that there are lots of people in the class with a biology background, so that will take a lot of stress out of the stream in the first few weeks. For those of you who don't - pal up with someone who has done it before!
Catch you all soon
Cathy

HEY guys!
SEcond on the blog BOooo Yeah!
Well ill just tell you a bit bout myself. Well I love to play sport especially soccer, cricket and tennis. I like going out for a feed. I like western food hehe. So yeha thats alll i cant think off right now. I ll see you guys around and thanks sophie for starting Bohoneeeee09 =)

Welcome

Well here is our Blog! BOHONE (pronounced bohoneee) 09.
This is a spot for us all to share our experiences, achievements, confusions, concerns etc. in a social forum. It will also helps us (staff) become aware of any issues that we may be able to assist you with to make your transition into the BOH program a real community affair. As well as sharing social events we can also share links to valuable learning resources in this forum. Remember at the School of Dentistry we are a "collaborative community of scholars".

Welcome to BOHONE09!

PS... Please upload a profile pic and a few words about yourself.....